Overview of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children
UTIs are common, especially in young children. They happen when bacteria enter the urinary tract, usually through the bladder or kidneys. These tiny invaders cause inflammation and discomfort, making pee time anything but a party.
Which factors make children more prone to UTIs?
- Shorter urethras: Girls show a higher incidence since they have shorter urethras than boys, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder.
- Incomplete toilet training: Accidents and wiping habits can introduce bacteria.
- Anatomical abnormalities: Some children are born with structural differences that increase UTI risk.
What symptoms of urinary tract infections can parents look for?
The common belief among most parents is that with a urinary infection, the child should present with burning in the urine, blood in the urine, difficulty passing urine, and so on. This is a common presentation in adults. But for children, these are rarely true. Less than one year of age, they may present simply with:
- Fever: Especially in infants and young children, a high temperature can be a UTI warning
- Frequent urination: Even if barely any pee comes out, they might constantly want to go.
- Pain and discomfort: Crying during urination, fussiness, and lower belly pain can all be clues.
- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine: Changes in urine appearance or smell can indicate infection.
- Wetting accidents: Relapsing into bedwetting or daytime accidents after being potty-trained.
Diagnostic tests:
Unlike other diseases, infants who have a urinary infection may not have any symptoms concerning the urinary tract at all; hence, early diagnosis is key! If you suspect urinary tract infection signs in your kid, don't delay! Consulting a paediatric urology doctor can lead to a quick diagnosis and treatment. Common tests include:
- Urinalysis: Checks for white blood cells and bacteria in the urine.
- Urine culture: Grows bacteria in a lab to identify the specific type causing the infection.
- Ultrasound: Images the bladder and kidneys to look for blockages or abnormalities.
Urinary tract infection treatments
Antibiotics are usually the first line of defence against UTIs. After a short course, most children bounce back. In some cases, additional tests or treatments might be needed.
Some tips to help prevent UTIs in children:
- Encourage good hygiene: Proper wiping from front to back after bathroom breaks.
- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids helps flush out bacteria.
- Empty the bladder regularly: Don't let pee sit for too long.
- Loose-fitting clothing: Avoid tight clothing that traps moisture.
At NU Hospitals, Bangalore, we have many pediatric urologists who treat urinary infections in children and are dedicated to keeping your little ones happy and healthy. Don't hesitate to contact us at any branch for expert advice and compassionate care.