Causes of Adrenal gland cancer:

While the exact cause of adrenal tumours remains largely unknown, following factors can increase the risk:

• Genetics: Inherited conditions like Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome (MEN) can predispose you to developing these tumours.
• Age: Adrenal tumours are more common in adults over 40 slightly more common in females.
• Metastases: Spreading from other cancers in the body.

Symptoms of Adrenal gland tumours:

Adrenal tumours often grow silently, with symptoms emerging only when they become larger or start affecting hormone production. Depending on the type and hormone involved, potential signs may include:

• High blood pressure: This is a common symptom associated with tumours producing excess aldosterone (Conn's syndrome).
• Cushing's syndrome: Signs like weight gain, moon-shaped face, and purple stretch marks can indicate tumours producing too much cortisol.
• Pheochromocytoma: These tumours release adrenaline, leading to sweating, anxiety, palpitations, and high blood pressure spikes.
• Abdominal pain or discomfort: Larger tumours can cause physical discomfort due to their size and location.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options:

If you experience any concerning symptoms, consulting an expert urologist is crucial. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can significantly improve outcomes.
Commonly used diagnostic tools include:

• Blood and urine tests: Checking for hormone imbalances and tumour markers.
• Imaging tests: CT scans, MRIs, and PET scans reveal the tumour's size, location, and spread.

Adrenal gland tumour removal surgery is the primary treatment option in most cases. Adrenalectomy is a surgical procedure wherein one or both the adrenal glands are removed. This surgical approach depends on the tumour size, location, and potential malignancy:

• Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: Minimally invasive, using small incisions and specialised instruments to remove the tumour through video guidance.
• Open adrenalectomy: Traditional surgery with a larger incision in the abdomen for complex tumours or suspected malignancy.

Post-surgery, hormone replacement therapy might be necessary if both adrenal glands are removed or significant hormone-producing tissue is lost. However, removal of both adrenal glands is a rare occurrence and only needed in some genetic conditions.
Fortunately, adrenal gland tumour surgery boasts high success rates with minimal complications.

After Surgery:

Recovery after adrenal gland tumour surgery typically involves a brief hospital stay and a few weeks of recuperation at home. Regular follow-up visits with your doctor are crucial to monitor hormone levels and detect any potential recurrence.

We encourage early detection and intervention as they are key to managing adrenal gland tumours effectively. At NU Hospitals, Bangalore our team of experienced nephrologists and urologists offer comprehensive care, from advanced diagnostics to skilled surgery and compassionate aftercare.